Passage 1

Questions 1-6 are based on the following passage.

1. Which of the following would fit most logically between sentences 1 and 2?

(A) A sentence citing examples of states that have used up available landfills

(B) A sentence citing examples of successful alternatives to landfills

(C) A sentence citing the number of new landfills in the state

(D) A sentence citing the number of illnesses blamed on polluted water in the state

(E) A sentence citing the average amount of trash disposed of annually by each person in the state

解析

题目问的是在句话和第二句话中插入哪个选项最合逻辑。文章中句话论述“在我们州存在一个非常严重的问题——垃圾问题”，第二句话说“我们的垃圾填埋池都已经满了”。

A 选项说需要加入“各州”中已经用完了垃圾填埋池的例子。首先，句只提到了我们自己的state，若论述states 中的例子，也就说需要论述其他state，没有必要。其次，即使要加入“垃圾填埋池用尽了”的数据与例子，也应该是加在第二句话之后，而不是一、二句之间。

B 选项说需要加入可以取代垃圾填埋池的其他方式。文章在第二句才出现垃圾填埋池这一概念，即使要说其他方式也应该是在它之后，在它之前论述是不合逻辑的。

C 选项说需要加入新的垃圾填埋池的数据。同样的道理，旧的数据都还没有论述，不可能先论述新的。

D 选项说需要引用被污染的水带来的疾病的数量。polluted water 和landfill 是两个不同的话题，也不可能插入进来。

E 选项说需要引用每人每年产生的垃圾数量。这个数据能很好地说明how the landfills are full，解释了第二句话所论述的这个结果是如何造成的。这一信息衔接了句论述的garbage 和第二句论述的landfills，起到了承上启下的作用。

答案是E。

2. Which of the following is the best way to phrase the underlined portion of sentence 4 (reproduced below)?

Unfortunately, there are drawbacks to every solution that they think of.

(A) (As it is now)

(B) that was thought of

(C) that they have previously come up with

(D) to which there are proposals

(E) that has been proposed

解析

题目问的是哪个选项能地替换划线部分。

划线部分中的they 指代模糊，所以原句是不对的，因此A 被排除。