搭乘飞机时如何远离感冒?

It's a common complaint: Fly on a crowded plane and come home with a cold. What's in the air up there?
经常有这样的抱怨：搭乘了一班拥挤的飞机，回到家就感冒了。机舱的空气中究竟充满了什么？
Air travelers suffer higher rates of disease infection, research has shown. One study pegged the increased risk for catching a cold as high as 20%. And

the holidays are a particularly infectious time of year, with planes packed full of families with all their presents and all those germs.
研究表明，航空旅客感染疾病的比率比一般人要高。某项研究更是显示，航空旅客染上感冒的风险较一般人高出了20%之多。尤其是各种假期，往往成为一年

当中最容易被传染疾病的时间段，飞机上到处是举家出游的人们，而与他们同行的，还有各种各样的病菌。
Air that is recirculated throughout the cabin is most often blamed. But studies have shown that high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters on most jets

today can capture 99.97% of bacterial and virus-carrying particles. That said, when air circulation is shut down, which sometimes happens during long

waits on the ground or for short periods when passengers are boarding or exiting, infections can spread like wildfire.
最常遭到诟病的是空气在机舱内的循环流动。但研究表明，如今大部分飞机上的高效微粒空气过滤器能够滤掉99.97%的细菌和病毒微粒。然而，当空气不流通

时，例如飞机在地面等候时间过长时或者乘客上下机的时间，细菌和病毒就可能像瘟疫一样快速散播。
One well-known study in 1979 found that when a plane sat three hours with its engines off and no air circulating, 72% of the 54 people on board got

sick within two days. The flu strain they had was traced to one passenger. For that reason, the Federal Aviation Administration issued an advisory in

2003 to airlines saying that passengers should be removed from planes within 30 minutes if there's no air circulation, but compliance isn't mandatory.
Jason Schneider安检区域可能会让人感觉不适。等待安检的队伍中充满了咳嗽和打喷嚏的声音；乘客的鞋子脱掉后与其它随身物品一起被放在塑料箱里，而这

些塑料箱经过扫描仪后一般并不会得到清洁。1979年进行的一项广为传播的研究发现，在熄火且无空气流通的飞机上连续坐三个小时后，54名乘客中有72%的

人在两天内病倒了。在其中一名乘客身上，研究人员发现了导致其他乘客病倒的流感病毒株。鉴于此，2003年，美国联邦航空管理局(Federal Aviation

Administration)向航空公司发出一个通告，提出在机舱空气不流通的情况下，乘客应当在30分钟内得到转移。但该通告并不具有强制性。
Much of the danger comes from the mouths, noses and hands of passengers sitting nearby. The hot zone for exposure is generally two seats beside, in

front of and behind you, according to a study in July in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases, published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention.
很大一部分传染风险来自邻座乘客的口、鼻和手。美国疾病控制与预防中心(U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)主办的杂志《新发传染病》

(Emerging Infectious Diseases)刊登的一项在7月份进行的研究显示，在飞机上最容易传染疾病的高危险区域一般是你旁边、前面及后面的两个座位。

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