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雅思听力成绩提高对于整个雅思考试成绩的提高有很重要的推动作用,所以考生如果在听力练习时能够重视最易被忽视的六大细节,对于提高雅思听力成绩是很有帮助的。下面就介绍一下关于雅思听力成绩中易被忽视的六大细节,供大家参考。
细节一:字母大小写
英文单词首字母是否需要大写是依英语语法规则而定的。
下面几种情况下单词首字母要求首字母大写:
1) 专有名词(proper noun), 包括人名,职位头衔,地点,时间,书名,机构名称等。
如Daniel Defoe, Professor John Smith, 11B Lake Road, September, Fortune Magazine, House of Representatives.
还有:国籍、种族、宗教、语言、行星;月份、星期、节日,关系称谓;标题,剧本名、电影等须大写。
但是专有名称里面有小于五个字母的介词或连词则无需大写,
eg: Romeo and Juliet ; the Library of Congress(国会图书馆)
2) 每个句子的首单词的首字母要大写,即做主语需要大写。
3)若题目中范例的字母大写了,相应的答案亦需大写。
4)字母和数字在一起时,字母必须大写。例如4282-AP.
5)缩写词都必须大写, 例如“世贸组织”—WTO UK PRC
注意,凡是字母该大写的而没有大写是要扣分的。
细节二:正确拼写与缩写
正确拼写(correct spelling):在填写答案时,切忌太随意,一定要仔细拼写正确。如:seminer(错)—seminar(对) tuter (错) — tutor(对)
在雅思听力常考但容易拼写错误的单词有以下这些:January,February,Wednesday, accommodation, cigarette, cassette, tobacco, separate, communication, committee等。
另外,英式英语与美式英语的某些单词在拼写上有区别,如:theater(美)---theatre(英), neighbor(美)---neighbour(英),check(美)—cheque(英)等。只要拼写正确,无论哪种拼写方式都可以接受。
缩写问题:普遍承认的缩写均可使用, 比如 pound¥, dollar $, Euro € 就建议使用缩写符号,am、 pm、 AD 、BC等都可以写成缩写的形式,professor 可以写成pro,但是如果有人名,需要大写成Pro。要注意表示缩写的小点是否标上。
日期的表达方式,一般只接受两种,如8th August或 August 8th,但月份和星期不要用缩写,即不能8月不能写成Aug。
特别提示: isn’t ; I’ll ; won't ;they’re 等此类缩写不能出现在雅思答题的卷面上,是会扣分的。
细节三:单复数的判断
这个细节是很多雅思听力考生认为不值得注意的点,尤其是水平比较高的考生。但是实际上尽管大家都知道,还是有很多考生在这个微不足道的小问题上栽跟头。只要我们留心留意,关于单复数的题目我们是可以经常看到的。
举例 1:
Cambridge 5 Test 2 Section3 Question 24
Listening to British students’
Language because of:
normal speed
large amount of ……………………
题目中的amount of 是修饰不可数名词,因此我们可以判断此题的答案是单数。
与此相同修饰不可数名词的还有:plenty of ; a great deal of ; a sum of
而修饰可数名词的有:a number of; many;
举例 2:
Cambridge 4 Test 4 Questions 24 and 26
Q24: to show how……………grow
Q26: to teach children about how …………….. is made up
Q24根据审题判断填名词,空后面是grow是一般现在时态,因此我们可以判定填名词复数。
Q26 空后面是is,因此很容易判定填名词单数。
细节四:名词复数形式
1)一些名词常以单数形式出现
a. 集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。如: people,police ,cattle,offspring,staff 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle。
b. 不可数名词,不可以加-s, 如 furniture;sugar; traffic
2)一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多采集者退散
例: clothes; shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; spectacles/glasses眼镜; boots; antibiotics
3)部分名词单复数同形,如: sheep, deer, salmon 鲑鱼; trout 鳟鱼,Chinese,Japanese 等。
4)有些名词复数形式较特殊,如mouse(单)---mice(复),ox(单)---oxen(复),goose (单)---geese(复),datum → data ,index → indices , analysis → analyses ,phenomenon → phenomena, focus → foci
5)一些名词变复数形式后,意思有变化,如:paper(纸)—papers (论文,报纸),custom(习俗)---customs(海关),goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。
特别提示:单复数属于语法问题,不能错。雅思考的是常识和语言的应用,单复数问题不仅要通过听来判断,更要靠自己的语法和语感以及对英语语言的积累判断。只有英语语言功底过硬,这个问题上才不会丢分。
细节五:字数限制问题
明确答题要求(instructions):答题之前,一定要弄清题目要求,这一点至关重要.
如果题目中提到NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS,考生的答案一旦超过3个词,肯定要被扣分,哪怕是a或the;
如: a set of dictionaries (错) set of dictionaries (对)
a three courses lunch (错) a three-course lunch (对)
而且填空题的字数限制也不再是单一的NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS,有很多题目是以NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS或者是ONE WORD ONLY要求的,所以考生一定要仔细审题,誊写答案之前再次检查字数要求。
举例:若题目要求 NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS即所写答案不超过三个,且必须以单词形式出现,如果有数字信息不能写阿拉伯数字;如:答案只能是twenty percent。
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS OR A NUMBER即所写答案不超过三个单词,或者以一个阿拉伯数字的形式出现;如:此时正确答案可以是20%,也可以是twenty percent, 但不可以是20 percent,因其将单词和字母混杂在一起了。
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER即所写答案有三种可能性:①不超过三个单词。②一个阿拉伯数字。③不超过三个单词及一个数字的混合信息。答案可以是20%, 20 percent或twenty percent。
细节六:易混淆短语辨析
1) a big time:尽兴,高兴的时刻e.g. I had a big time there.
the big time:流,级e.g. Don’t worry, you are in the big time now.
2) according to:按照,根据e.g. They were commended or criticized according to their work.
according as:随……而定e.g. The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold.
3) admit to:承认e.g. I have to admit to a dislike for modern music.
admit sb.(in) to:允许某人进入某地或加入某组织、行业e.g. They have admitted me into their club.
4) all for:完全赞成e.g. I am all for holding a meeting to discuss it.
for all:尽管e.g. They could not open the box for all their forces.
5) all in all:总的说来e.g. All in all, it is a success.
all in:疲倦,筋疲力尽e.g. He was all in, but he stuck it out.
6) as it is (was):照目前的情况来看e.g. As it is, we shall be able to complete our task in time.
as it were:可以说,姑且这样说e.g. He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.
7) as much as:几乎,实际上e.g. By running away he as much as admitted that he had taken the money.
as much…as:与……一样多e.g. It is as much our responsibility as yours.
8) as well:也,还是……为好e.g. He gave me advice, and money as well.
Since you have begun to do it, you may as well finish it.
as well as:不仅……而且,除……之外e.g. With television, we see a picture as well as hearing sound.
Small towns as well as big cities are being rapidly industrialized.
9) at one time从前某个时期e.g. At one time, we met frequently.
at a time:每次,一次e.g. You can borrow only two books at a time.
10) attach to:属于,归因于e.g. No blame attaches to him.
attach oneself to:参加,加入e.g. He attached himself to the group of climbers.
以上就雅思听力中最易被忽视的六大细节做了细致的阐述,希望考生在备考时加以注意,避免在考场上因细节问题失分。