下面新航道雅思频道为大家整理了雅思机经的回忆及解析，供考生们参考，以下是详细内容。
12月15日的
雅思考试已经落下帷幕，“战后归来”的烤鸭们，想对自己的考试成绩和结果一探究竟;“蠢蠢欲动”备战近期考试的烤鸭们，想对的考题和考情辨别水深水浅
。
新航道“雅思梦之队”，时间为你点评12月15日考试，解读
雅思听力、口语、阅读、写作考情。首先我们一起来看一下本次考试雅思阅读部分的内容：
(Reading)
Title：Interpretation
Type of Questions：T/Y/NG
【文章概要】
Passage 1
讲consecutive and simultaneous translation连续性和同声传译
英文参考：Language interpretation is the facilitating of oral or sign-language communication, either simultaneously or consecutively, between users of
different languages. The process is described by both the words interpreting and interpretation. Translation studies deal with the systematic study of the
theory, the description and the application of language interpretation and translation.
In professional parlance, interpreting denotes the facilitating of communication from one language form into its equivalent, or approximate equivalent,
in another language form; while interpretation denotes the actual product of this work, that is, the message thus rendered into speech, sign language,
writing, non-manual signals, or other language form. This important distinction is observed in order to avoid confusion.
An interpreter is a person who converts a thought or expression in a source language into an expression with a comparable meaning in a target language
either simultaneously in "real time" or consecutively after one party has finished speaking. The interpreter's function is to convey every semantic element
(tone and register) and every intention and feeling of the message that the source-language speaker is directing to target-language recipients
Title：性格培养
Type of Questions：Matching
【文章概要】
Passage 2
人们的personality能改变，每一段讲一个人做了点什么，personality就改变了。
英文参考：Some debates have pervaded the field of psychology since its genesis. Perhaps one of the most salient ones deals with the nature of
personality. Personality psychology studies one's distinctive style of cognition, behavior, and affect. However, this concept elicits discord among
psychologists as some have insisted that it does not exist, while others struggle with issues of measurement.
Personality, one's characteristic way of feeling, behaving and thinking, is often conceptualized as a person's standing on each Big Five trait
(extraversion, neuroticism, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness). A person's personality profile is thus gauged from his standing on
five broad concepts which predict, among other life outcomes, behavior and the quality of interpersonal relationships. Initially, it was believed that one's
Big Five profile was static and dichotomous in that one was either at one extreme of each trait or another For example, people are typically categorized as
introverted or extraverted. Personality was therefore assessed in terms of generalities or averages. In noticing the strong inconsistencies in how people
behaved across situations, some psychologists dismissed personality as nonexistent.
This school of thought attributes human behavior to environmental factors, relegating individual differences to situational artifacts and contesting the
existence of individual predispositions. It was led by situationists like Walter Mischel (1968). Their contention held that personality was a fictitious
concept. For them, the discrepancies observed across one's behaviors were evidence that interindividual differences did not exist. Some aspects of the
situationist perspective even suggest that all human beings are the same and that the differences we observe are simply illusory biproducts of the
environment.
However, personologists soon integrated these inconsistencies into their conceptualization of personality. They modified the old, more monolithic
construct by measuring how people differ across situations. Their new methods of personality assessment describe fluctuations in personality characteristics
as consistent and predictable for each person based on the environment he is in and his predispositions. Some work suggests that people can espouse different
levels of a personality dimension as the social situations and time of day change.
Therefore, someone is not conscientious all the time, but can be conscientious at work and a lot less so when she is home. This work also suggests that
intrapersonal variations on a trait can be even larger than interpersonal variations. Extraversion varies more within a person than across individuals, for
example. This work was based on individual self-ratings during the day across a long period of time. This allowed for researchers to assess moment-to-moment
and day to day variations on personality attributes. Personologists now tend to agree that people's personalities are variegated and are not be
conceptualized through bipolar characterizations (e.g. extraversion vs introversion). Rather people oscillate between the two extremes of a trait. The
pattern of this oscillation then constitutes personality.
Title：Design the mat and Foot health
Type of Questions：Completion、Multiple Choice
【文章概要】
Passage 3
走路有益
英文参考：
Foot Health
Your feet must last a lifetime, and most Americans log an amazing 75,000 miles on their feet by the time they reach age 50. Regular foot care can make
sure your feet are up to the task. With proper detection, intervention, and care, most foot and ankle problems can be lessened or prevented. Use our foot
health information pages to learn more common foot conditions and treatments.
Want to order printed brochures covering various foot health topics? Visit the APMA e-Store!
Arthritis
Arthritis is inflammation and swelling of the cartilage and lining of the joints, generally accompanied by an increase in the fluid in the joints. Each
foot has 33 joints that can be afflicted with arthritis.
Diabetes & Cardiovascular Disease
Diabetes
Today's podiatrist plays a key role in helping patients manage diabetes successfully and avoid foot-related complications.
Diabetic Wound Care
A diabetic foot ulcer is an open sore or wound that occurs in approximately 15 percent of patients with diabetes and is commonly located on the bottom of
the foot.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure is also known as hypertension. Your podiatrist is vitally concerned about hypertension and vascular disease (heart and circulatory
problems).
Peripheral Arterial Disease
PAD is caused by a blockage or narrowing of the arteries in the legs when fatty deposits (plaque) build up. The buildup of plaque causes the arteries to
harden and narrow.
Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy is damage of the peripheral nerves—the nerves in your toes and fingertips. In the United States, the most common cause of
peripheral neuropathy is diabetes.
Foot & Ankle Injuries
Sprains, Strains & Fractures
The feet and ankles work together to provide support and mobility to the body. A foot or ankle sprain is a soft tissue injury. A fracture is actually a
break in the bone.
Muscle & Tendon Problems
Haglund's Deformity
Haglund's Deformity is a bony enlargement of the back of the heel bone. Sometimes it's called “pump bump” because the deformity often occurs in women
who wears pumps.
Heel Pain
The heel bone is the largest of the 26 bones in the human foot. Like all bones, it is subject to outside influences that can affect its integrity and
cause heel pain.
Tendinitis
Tendinitis is the inflammation of a tendon. Achilles tendinitis, or an inflammation of the Achilles tendon, is one of the most common causes of foot or
ankle pain.
Skin Disorders
Athlete's Foot
Athlete's foot is a skin disease caused by a fungus. It most commonly attacks the feet because shoes create a warm, dark, and humid environment which
encourages fungus growth.
Corns and Calluses
Corns and calluses are areas of thickened skin that develop to protect that area from irritation. They are usually caused by rubbing or excess pressure
against part of the foot.
Psoriasis
Psoriasis is caused by faster-than-normal turnover of skin cells. In people who have psoriasis, the new cells move to the surface so rapidly that the
dead cells build up on the surface in dry, whitish-silver patches.
Skin Cancers of the Feet
Skin cancer can develop anywhere on the body, including in the lower extremities. Most skin cancers of the feet are painless, and often there is a
history of recurrent cracking, bleeding, or ulceration.
Sweaty Feet
Excessive sweating of the feet is called hyperhidrosis. People whose feet sweat excessively often also have problems with excessive sweating of the
palms.
Warts
Warts are one of several soft tissue conditions of the foot that can be quite painful. They are caused by a virus and can appear anywhere on the skin.
Toe Joint & Nerve Disorders
Bunions
A bunion is an enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe that forms when the bone or tissue at the big toe joint moves out of place.
Hammer Toes
A hammer toe is a contracture, or bending, of the toe at the first joint of the digit, called the proximal interphalangeal joint. This bending causes the
toe to appear like an upside-down V when looked at from the side.
Neuromas
A neuroma is a painful condition, also referred to as a “pinched nerve” or a nerve tumor. It is a benign growth of nerve tissue frequently found
between the third and fourth toes.
Toenail Problems
Ingrown Toenails
Ingrown toenails, the most common nail impairment, are nails whose corners or sides dig painfully into the soft tissue of nail grooves, often leading to
irritation, redness, and swelling.
Toenail Fungus
Toenail fungus is an infection underneath the surface of the nail caused by fungi. The disease is characterized by a progressive change in a toenail's
quality and color.
Treatment
Shoe Inserts and Prescription Custom Orthotics
Shoe inserts are any kind of non-prescription foot support designed to be worn inside a shoe. Custom orthotics are specially-made devices designed to
support and comfort your feet.
Surgery
Often when pain or deformity persists, surgery may be appropriate to alleviate discomfort or to restore the function of your foot.
