1. Why does shopping make people happy?

　　2. How do shops nowadays compare to shops in the past?

　　3. What are the features of a successful shopping center?

　　4. Do you think that men and women have different attitudes toward shopping?

　　1. Why does shopping make people happy?

　　误区：

　　这个问题其实比较简单，但仍然有一些同学可能会反而把这个问题想得很复杂，我们其实并不需要从一个非常专业的心理学角度psychological angle来准确回答，只需要做到“言之有理，言之有物，紧扣主题，自圆其说”就可以了。

　　思路：

　　一说起购物，我们可能就会联想到几个女士领着五颜六色的包包在很大的商场里面买东西。没错，就抓住你的这个印象我们就可以展开。

　　买东西，尤其是女性购买衣服，都是为了自己的形象image能够拿得出手look good，这样才会提升自己的魅力charm或者charisma，还有自信心confidence等等。其实不光是女士，男士在买车买房上也是比较务实的practical或者唯物的materialistic，因为社会上大家都在这么做，你如果不这么购置物品和别人保持基本的一致的话，在某种意义上来说，你还不够成功。

　　但是通过购买，你就可以获得成就感a sense of achievement等。我们还可以列举更多这样的例子，主语可以换成学生students，老年人the elderly，或者再确切点家庭主妇housewives，商业大亨business tycoon，都可以通过他们购买的特定东西来说明让他们快乐的原因。

　　Well, you know it's always a pleasant feeling to wear brand new clothes that look good. It can make your image better and improve your charisma, and people are more self-confident when they are pleased with their appearance. I think it’s understandable that ladies always try to buy new clothes. Furthermore, people are all becoming more and more materialistic: we all care about occupying good stuff like cars or big houses and even the latest version of iPhone, especially when other people have. If we can afford something fancy with our own salary, we will experience a sense of achievement.

　　语料补充：

　　几种在句中常见的表示递进的关联词，来替换and的单一性：furthermore, moreover, still, in addition, additionally, more specifically, besides, in other words, on the other hand, meanwhile, at the same time…

　　2. How do shops nowadays compare to shops in the past?

　　误区：

　　很多同学还是比较擅长描述现在的购物都是怎么样的。被我们聊得最多的也就是网上购物在逐渐代替实体店购物这件事。但是我们同时应该注意到，题目中出现了compare这个单词，就是要求我们说明两件事情，并作出一个比较明显的比较。而就不是单单说一方面了。并且是shop的为主语，其实更多的是想问实体店physical shops的今昔对比。

　　思路：

　　我们可以用一个最简单的方法来回答这个问题。就是先说过去是什么样子的，然后说现在已经变了，变成了什么样子。但是我们并不是特别了解很多年前购物是什么样子的。其实我们并不需要说的有多精确，只需要描述一下基本场景就可以了。比如，我们要去不同的商店买东西，一次跑好几个地方，举几个例子，说清楚就可以了。关键还是我们熟悉的现在怎么说方便了。当然你可以用网购来描述，但是更直观的对比是超市和购物广场这一个概念，我们可以在一个地方买到许许多多不同种类的东西，变得非常快捷。物品的数量也在增多，人们的选择也就更多了。

　　I suppose that a few decades ago, people had to go to different places to buy daily items they needed: hammer in a hardware store, pork at the butcher’s or clothes in a tailor’s shop. But I believe that the shop owners were also more welcoming and considerate. Nowadays, a superstore like Walmart or Carrefour provides every single necessity and these are extremely convenient for people’s living. And for sure, shopping malls are available wherever you go. I bet now there are a lot more shops than in the past. As a consequence, customers have way more options than they did 30 years ago.

　　语料分析：

　　hammer锤子 hardware五金器具，硬件 butcher屠夫 tailor裁缝

　　considerate体贴的

　　Walmart 沃尔玛 Carrefour家乐福

　　necessity必需品

　　3. What are the features of a successful shopping center?

　　误区：

　　我们遇到这样一个问题的时候会不会选择拿一个的shopping mall来举例子呢?如果你举得这个例子是你自己本身比较熟悉的，是专门研究过，积累过一定素材的就还好，但如果不是可能会出现越说到后面就越无话可说的情况。

　　思路：

　　其实我们并不需要说的多么的，我们只需要研究一下，究竟是什么因素使得一个商场成功。学过高中人文地理的同学们估计会时间想到区位因素，就是选址location，常用的单词就是locate和situate这两个，并且经常以被动的方式出现。另外，外观exterior和内部interior必须也得过得去吧，外面得时尚一些，里面要宽敞明亮一下，环境好了心情自然也就好了，谁也不希望特别拥挤的购买东西，显得没有档次。另外，也是最重要的，还是商品本身是优质的。当然，如果想加入新的元素也没有问题，比如售后好，价格低，种类全等等。

　　First of all, location is the crucial factor that affects it popularity. It should be conveniently situated for its clients. In addition, I bet a fabulous shopping mall should be quite modern and trendy for its exterior. But the interior should be spacious and tidy with large clean windows. This will create a comfortable environment and atmosphere. Most importantly, they should offer customers good quality products as well as service. If they do so, they will definitely attract and retain the shoppers.

　　语料分析：

　　popularity流行，普遍

　　conveniently 方便地

　　client customer shopper顾客

　　exterior/interior 外部、内部

　　retain保持

　　4. Do you think that men and women have different attitudes toward shopping?

　　误区：

　　这个问题与很多相类似于有compare, and, or一样的词有相同的思路就是不能只说单方面。就这个题来说，太明显就是我们应该分别说一下，或者每一个点都做一下男女的对比。而不能只说一个方面。另外要告诉同学们，当你遇到一个不是特别会聊的话题的时候，对比是非常有用的利器，让你的素材一下子增倍。

　　思路：

　　男女在日常中的很多不同最终都或多或少反映在你买什么东西上。所以同学们可以先回答这个yes-no question，然后对比一下，男士买东西比较理智，上街买东西是非常有目的性的，如果要是买不到还一直继续逛下去的话就会比较崩溃。但是女同志就不一样了，上街有可能是只看不买，只逛街还要有同伴可以闲聊，是放松的一种手段，也可能是看看的物件，还有就是伤心难过了买一堆东西解气。

　　Yes, there’s no doubt! Most men are more likely to spend cash in their hand sensibly. They only buy something which they really need with precise aims. If men shop for hours without any specific goals, they will definitely go mad and get tired of it. Whereas most women regard shopping for fashionable things as a routine. They shop with a few friends in order to chat and relax. Also, women are always curious to see what’s new or in even they’re not inclined to really buy them. So there are distinct attitudes and behaviors between two genders toward shopping.

　　语料分析：

　　回答一般疑问句时，如果是肯定的，我们可以用definitely，absolutely，that’s for sure, there’s no doubt, I really think so;如果是否定的，我们可以用no way, not at all, I don’t really think so, I really don’t think so等来回答。

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