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Over the past decade or so,an agreement has gradually been reached regarding standards that producers of palm oil have to meet in order for their product to be regarded as officially‘sustainable’(剑17 Test3 Passage2)
层次一:
主句:an agreement has been reached
修饰①:over....so【介短状语,修饰主句,表时间】
修饰②:regarding...sustainable【doing定语,修饰agreement】
层次二:
修饰②内部:
主体:regarding standards
修饰①:that......have to meet【that定从,修饰standards】
修饰②:in order......sustainable【介短状语,表目的】
结构总结:主句+介短+doing【嵌套定从+介短】
(在过去的10年左右里),一个关于标准的协定被逐渐达成,【该标准是棕榈油的生产者要想让自己的产品被官方认可所必须所满足的标准】
reach an agreement:(词组)达成协定
meet standards:(词组)满足标准
regard as:(词组)看作是
officially:adv.官方的
sustainable:adj.可持续的
Recent figures show that the RSPO now certifies around 12 million tonnes of palm oil annually,equivalent to roughly 21 percent of the world’s total palm oil production.(剑17 Test 3 Passage2)
层次一:
主句:Recent figures show that the RSPO certifies around 12 million tonnes of palm oil annually
修饰:equivalent to....production【adj短语后置,修饰12 million tonnes of palm oil】
结构总结:主句+adj短语后置
最近的数据标明:PSPO现在每年认证了大约1200万吨棕榈油,这相当于全世界棕榈油总产量的21%
figures:n.数据
global supply chain:(词组)国际供应链
certifies:v.认证
annually:adv.每年的
equivalent to:(词组)相当于
roughly:adv.大约
Ellwood believes that reintroducing the bird’s nest fern into oil palm plantations could potentially allow these areas to recover their biodiversity,providing a home for all manner of species,from fungi and bacteria,to invertebrates such as insects,amphibians,reptiles and even mammals.(剑17 Test3 Passage2)
主句:Ellwood believes that reintroducing.....could allow...to recover their biodiversity
修饰:providing....mammals【doing分词状语,修饰主句,表原因】
结构总结:主句+doing
E认为:将鸟的nest fern重新引进到棕榈油种植园能允许这些地区恢复生物多样性,【因为该做法能为各种各样的物种提供栖息地,从真菌和细菌到无脊椎动物,例如昆虫、两栖动物、爬行动物甚至哺乳动物】
all manner of:(词组)各种各样形形色色
reintroducing:v.重新引进
potentially:adv.可能
recover:v.恢复
biodiversity:n.生物多样性
fungi:n.真菌
bacteria:n.细菌
invertebrates:n.无脊椎动物
mammals:n.哺乳动物
amphibians:n.两栖动物
reptile:爬行动物