“得阅读者得天下”!!

　　在考研英语中

　　4篇阅读共计40分+新题型10分

　　占据了考研英语的半壁江山!

　　而考研英语阅读里的细节题占比非常高，所以此题的解题关键对于备考的同学们来说非常重要。

　　今天好轻松就给大家讲一下阅读理解中细节题的做题方法：

　　赶紧一来学习吧!(๑•̀ㅂ•́)و✧

　　细节题做题关键简单来说，就2步：

　　第1步：根据题干关键词找准定位句。

　　第2步：根据定位句来匹配正确选项，正确选项里的用词为定位句的同义替换表达。

　　比如下面这道题：

　　2016年英二Text4

　　From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.

　　38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will ___

　　[A]become increasingly clear

　　[B]focus on materialistic issues

　　[C]depend largely on political preferences

　　[D]reach almost all aspects of American life

　　首先，根据题干关键词(priorities and expectations)定位到原文those just starting…politics这个句子。

　　题干里，priorities and expectations的后置定语是由defined by the young这个过去分词结构充当的，

　　在原文中，the young对应的表达是those starting out in life， defined这个过去分词在原文是are defining, 也就是说题干的被动表达在原文是主动语态，

　　原文中priorities and expectations后面有一个that引导的定语从句来充当其后置定语，that指的就是priorities and expectations。

　　根据题干的核心结构The priorities and expectations will…，我们可以确定答案在that引导的定语从句中that(the priorities and expectations) will…，由此，我们可以看出答案是D。

　　D选项中reach与spread through(传播/扩散)为同义替换，virtually与almost(几乎)为同义替换，all aspects of American life为原词重现。

　　怎么样呀?是不是很简单呀?

　　接下来我们再看一道题

　　2003年Text3

　　Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.

　　31. According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because _____.

　　[A]cost reduction is based on competition.

　　[B]services call for cross-trade coordination.

　　[C]outside competitors will continue to exist.

　　[D]shippers will have the railway by the throat.

　　根据题干关键词railway monopoly(铁路垄断)，我们可以定位到Any threat…from trucks这句话。

　　题干中的those who support mergers在定位句中对应的表达是they，they指的是第1句话中的supporters of the new supersystems。

　　这两个句子结构是一致的，都是 sb argue sth的结构，所以在定位句中Any threat of monopoly is removed by fierce competition from trucks是they argue的宾语。

　　题干里be unlikely对应的原文为is removed(被移除)，那么铁路垄断不太可能的原因就是fierce competition from trucks，对应选项为C。

　　C选项里的outside competitors就是对trucks(卡车)的概括，competitor为competition的同义替换表达，都与“竞争”有关。

　　根据以上两道题，相信大家对于细节题的做题思路有了基本了解。

　　接下来我们来总结一下正确选项和原文在词汇的同义替换上的特点。

　　这两道题在词汇方面都出现了平级的同义替换，即不涉及到包含关系，只是用不同的词表达了类似的意思。

　　譬如reach与spread through, virtually 与almost， competitor与competition。

　　在第2道题里出现的同义替换涉及到了包含关系，即归纳与具体，如outside competitor与trucks。

　　总而言之，大家在做细节题时，看词汇的同义替换时，除了找平级的替换关系，还要注意归纳与具体的替换关系。

　　掌握方法只是学习的步，后面还要勤加练习哟，等再遇到类似的题型就能手到擒来啦~

　　Practice makes perfect

　　方法技巧+练习=英语高分