一、代词

　　(一)单复数一致

　　1.含义：

　　代词的单复数与所指代对象的单复数一致。

　　2.用法：

　　(1)代词一般指代主语或宾语，根据句意判断。

　　例如：

　　Because of his tireless effort, Tom got a GPA of 4.0 this semester.

　　Mary is an easy-going girl and she always play with her friends.

　　(二)指代清晰

　　1. 含义：

　　代词一定要清晰的指代它所指代的对象。

　　2. 用法：

　　(1)在段首，代词名词选名词。

　　例如：

　　Neither Ms. Perez nor Ms. Tanaka believes that watching as much television as Ms. Perez’s son Sam does will lead to anything productive.

　　(三)形容词性物质代词

　　1.含义：

　　具有形容词属性的代词，相当于形容词的用法，单数用its, 复数用their。

　　2.用法：

　　(1)its, their一般指代就近名词、主语或宾语，根据句意判断。

　　例句：

　　An increase fund for cometary mission would give scientists an opportunity to learn from their failures.

　　真题检测

　　真题检测1

　　(2021-10AS-Q41) Also painted in 1970, Apollo 12 “splash down” employs the same dashed lines — though this time horizontal rather than vertical in the rainbow of vibrant colors to suggest a spacecraft completing it’s descent to Earth.

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. its

　　C. their

　　D. they’re

　　解析：通过it’s等选项看出是形容词性物质代词的考点，根据形容词性物质代词指代就近名词的规则，排除选项中it’s, they’re等选项，又根据代词指代就近名词a spacecraft，所以排除A/C/D三个选项，所以选B。

　　注：2021-10AS-Q41为2021年10月亚太真题41题。

　　真题检测2

　　(2021-05AS-Q7) Visitors have filled tags with diverse hopes, ranging from goals for its families to desires for “equality, respect and fair opportunity for all.”

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. one’s

　　C. their

　　D. his

　　解析：通过its等选项看出是形容词性物质代词的考点，根据形容词性物质代词指代主语的规则，排除选项中one’s, his等选项，又根据指代主语为visitors，所以排除A/B/D三个选项，所以选C。

　　注：2021-05AS-Q7为2021年5月亚太真题7题。

　　真题检测3

　　(2021-05AS-Q20) Some of the galaxies were as much as 12 billion years old. There colors, shapes, and other attributes provided scientists with insights into what galaxies were like at a much earlier stage in the history of the universe.

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. Their

　　C. They’re

　　D. Its

　　解析：通过its等选项看出是形容词性物质代词的考点，根据形容词性物质代词指代主语的规则，排除选项中there, they’re等选项，又根据指代上句主语为galaxies，所以排除A/C/D三个选项，所以选B。

　　注：2021-05AS-Q20为2021年5月亚太真题20题。

　　真题检测4

　　(2020-03NA-Q2) The movement was known as the Great Exodus, and their participants came to be called exodusters.

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. his or her

　　C. its

　　D. one’s

　　解析：通过their等选项看出是形容词性物质代词的考点，根据形容词性物质代词指代主语的规则，排除选项中his or her, one’s等选项，又根据指代前句主语为movement，所以排除A/B/D三个选项，所以选C。

　　注：2020-03NA-Q2为2020年3月北美真题3题。

　　真题检测5

　　真题检测5

　　(2020-03NA-Q16) The team used the images to reconstruct a more streamlined model of dodo skeletal structure; they also evaluated the individual bone images. Hume noted that the robust kneecaps R. cucullatus, along with its thick leg bones and broad pelvis would have provided them with the strength and maneuverability to easy navigate the rocky and densely forested landscape of Mauritius.

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. it

　　C. these

　　D. that

　　解析：通过it等选项看出是单复数一致的考点，根据代词一般指代宾语的规则，代词指代前句宾语dodo，所以排除选项中them, these, that等选项，所以排除A/C/D三个选项，所以选B。

　　注：2020-03NA-Q16为2020年3月北美真题16题。