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运动康复学课题:运动员骨软骨损伤等
骨类疾病成因分析及修复治疗策略【大学组】
开始日期:2023-06-10
课时安排:7周在线小组科研学习+5周不限时论文指导学习
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Prerequisites
适合人群
适合年级(Grade):大学生及以上
适合专业(Major):对临床医学、再生医学、运动医学、康复医学、老年医学、骨外科学、生物医学工程、感兴趣或者希望修读相关专业的学生;学生需要具备生物学科基础知识
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Instructor Introduction
导师介绍
Armando
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帝国理工学院 Imperial College London (IC)
终身教授
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Program Background
项目背景
时至今日人类的健康问题越来越受到关注。一方面,人类的寿命在不断延长;另一方面,因为种种意外因素,人类生病、受伤的几率越来越大,皮肤、器官、骨骼等人体组织都很容易受伤,但有一些组织受损后却很难修复或丧失运动功能,给生活造成极大的不便。为了解决这一问题,科学界诞生了让人体组织再生的想法。目前,在干细胞定向分化和细胞调节因子及通路等理论支持下,组织再生的方案逐渐走向成熟,成为了再生医学中重要的话题。组织再生是指利用生物学及工程学的理论方法创造丢失或功能损害的组织和器官,使其具备正常组织和器官的机构和功能。
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Program Description
项目介绍
本项目将使学生了解临床医生目前用于骨软骨再生的前沿方法。本项目将从肌肉骨骼系统入手,分析肌肉骨骼功能,探究年轻运动员的骨质疏松症、骨关节炎和主要损伤类型。研究骨骼和软骨中骨细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞在人类衰老中的动态过程。以此提出血管生成对组织形成和整合的要求,实现骨软骨组织修复的临床工具的研发。并将这种新型治疗材料应用到临床实验中,带领学生分析传统骨软骨组织置换策略的优点和缺点、适合骨软骨置换的人工组织的临床要求、植入手术和术后随访、植入后恢复日常活动:患者之间的差异等。学生将在项目结束时,提交项目报告,进行成果展示。
个性化研究课题参考:
再生医学(心脏病发作后心脏组织再生的新方法)
健康老龄化和延长寿命(使人体组织恢复活力的策略,有可能活到 150 岁以上吗?)
组织工程(如何使用智能材料通过诱导干细胞分化为不同谱系来创造新组织)
将合成生物学与再生医学相结合(创造可用于创造新器官和组织的新原核生物)
This project will expose students to the cutting-edge methods currently used by clinicians for osteochondral replacement, starting with the musculoskeletal system, analyzing musculoskeletal function, and exploring osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and major injury types in young athletes. The dynamic process of osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone and cartilage in human aging were studied. Next, the requirements of angiogenesis for tissue formation and integration are proposed, and the development of clinical tools for osteochondral tissue repair is analyzed. By using this therapeutic material to clinical experiments, the professor leads students to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of traditional osteochondral tissue replacement strategies (using tissue from voluntary donors or own patients), clinical requirements for artificial tissue suitable for osteochondral replacement, Implant surgery and postoperative follow-up, return to daily activities after implantation: differences between patients, etc. At the end of the project, students will submit a project report and present their results.
Suggested Future Research Fields:
Regenerative medicine (i.e. new approaches to regenerate cardiac tissue after heart attack)
Healthy aging and increasing lifespan (i.e. Strategies to rejuvenate human tissues. Could it possible to live more than 150 years?)
Tissue engineering (i.e. how to use smart materials to create new tissues by inducing the differentiation of stem cells into different lineages)
Merging synthetic biology with regenerative medicine (i.e. to create new prokaryotic organisms that can be used to create new organs and tissues)
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Syllabus
项目大纲
肌肉骨骼系统简介、年轻运动员的骨质疏松症和骨关节炎及主要损伤类型;骨的结构与功能、骨软骨结构功能、骨折愈合 Introduction to musculoskeletal system; Osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and main types of injuries in young athletes, The structure and function of bones and cartilage, The bone cartilage interface, Bone fracture healing
细胞生物学概论:细胞器的结构和功能、缺氧诱导因子(HIFs)在细胞功能中的作用 Introduction to the biology of a cell: Structure and function of different organelles Signalling pathways in cells, The role of hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) in cellular function.
骨细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞是骨和软骨的功能单位。它们在人类衰老过程中的动态 Osteocytes and chondrocytes as the functional unit of the bone and cartilage Osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.
干细胞分化生物学:干细胞和肌肉骨骼系统的关系、间充质干细胞生成与分化、干细胞和新血管的形成、血管生成对组织形成和整合的要求 The Biology of Stem Cell Differentiation:Stem cells and the musculoskeletal system, Origin and Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), Stem cells and the formation of new vessels. Requirement of Angiogenesis for tissue formation and integration
骨软骨组织修复与临床工具:历史骨软骨组织置换策略及优缺点分析、骨软骨组织替代方案及临床前研究 Clinical tools for osteochondral tissue repair:Previous strategies for osteochondral tissue replacement, Preclinical studies for osteochondral tissue replacement
项目回顾和成果展示 Program Review and Presentation
论文辅导 Project Deliverables Tutoring
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Program Outcome
项目收获
7周在线小组科研学习+5周不限时论文指导学习 共125课时
项目报告
学员获主导师Reference Letter
EI/CPCI/Scopus/ProQuest/Crossref/EBSCO或同等级别索引国际会议全文投递与发表指导(可用于申请)
结业证书
成绩单