1. Challenge

(1) challenge sb to do sth. 向……挑战，邀请……比赛

例句：They challenge us to a swimming contest. 

(2) accept a challenge 接受挑战

例句：He bravely accepted the challenge of his career.

2. Share

(1) share 部分

例句：Everybody ought to have his proper share.

(2) share 参与、贡献

例句：I had no share in the mater.

(3) share with/between 分配，共有

例句：They shared the profits between them.

         I will share with you in the undertaking.

3. Instead

(1) instead 代替

例句：If you cannot go, let him go instead.

(2) instead of 代替

例句：I will go instead of you.

4. Manage

(1) manage to do 完成，达成

例句：We finally managed to get there in time.

(2) manage with 应付困境

例句：We can't manage with these poor tools.

         How will she manage with her husband gone？

(3) manage on 生活，过活

例句：People like Jim have to manage on as little as $75 a week.

5. Afford

(1) afford to do 足以承担

例句：I cannot afford to pay such a high price.

(2) afford 产生

例句：Reading affords pleasure.

6. Rather

(1) would rather do 宁愿

例句：He said he would rather stay at home.

(2) rather than 宁愿

例句：I had rather dance than eat.

7. Ever

(1) ever 曾经

例句：Have you ever been there?

(2) ever 究竟

例句：Why ever didn't you go?

(3) ever 如果

例句：If the band ever plays again, we will dance.

(4)ever so 非常 (=very)

例句：Thank you ever so much.

8. Available

(1) available 通用的，有效的

例句：The season ticket is available for three months.

(2) available 可用的，可达到的

例句：No enough data is available to scientists.

9. Else

(1) else 此外，别的

例句：Where else did you go?

(2) else 否则，不然

例句：Hurry, else you'll be late.

10. Involve

(1) involve 包括

例句：Housekeeping involves cooking, washing dishes, sweeping, and cleaning.

(2) involve 使陷于

例句：One foolish mistake can involve you in a good deal of trouble.

(3) involve 使纠缠，使难得

例句：A sentence that is involved is hard to understand.

(4) involve 包围

例句：Clouds involved the hilltop.