enroll to one = combine

　　complement = supplement = add to

　　substitute = replace

　　so far = until present = up to now

　　rooted in = based on

　　make their way = travel

　　vulnerable--open to break-open to attack -- weak --susceptible

　　perishable 容易腐烂的= easy to spoil

　　Seething 沸腾的 --- overflowing/excited/active

　　float = stay on the top

　　be consistent with = be compatible with

　　property 财产，特征 = characteristic = attribute (名词意为"特征，属性")

　　simulated ---- artificial

　　sort --- type -- kind

　　staggering摇晃的; 犹豫的; 压倒的(多数) =overwhelming

　　string线, 绳子; 一行, 一系列 =series

　　swell -- enlargement --- expand

　　tract- area - terrain

　　symmetric 对称的，均衡的 --- balance

　　taper 逐渐变小 --- diminish --- 收缩

　　tenet --- principle/belief

　　turn = change

　　vast - immense - extensive

　　with the ordinary citizen&aposs pocketbook = affordable

　　advent = arrival

　　affair = matter

　　chronic --- constant - confirmed 慢性的;证实的

　　consequence = result/importance

　　counter = oppose

　　countervail 补偿，抵消; 对抗 = compensate/oppose

　　distinction = differentiation/excellence/honor

　　distribution = dispersion = dispersal

　　embed = implant

　　euphoric = extremely happy

　　flake = fragment

　　hinder 阻碍，打扰= interfere with

　　ladings 船货= cargos shipment

　　mandatory = required, obligatory

　　mundane 世俗的，平凡的= ordinary

　　prerequisite = something required (something needed to happen)

　　rather = instead 相反地/ in some degree在tain

　　sank (sink的过去式)= descended; dropped to the bottom

　　scant = minimum

　　sited = located

　　sophisticated = refined /elaborated /complex

　　ubiquitous 到处存在的 = common

　　unanimity = total agreement

　　spectator = viewer

　　sporadic = intermittent /irregular

　　stylus 铁笔，针状物 = pen

　　unconceivable = unimaginable

　　uniformly = evenly/ without variation/consistently

　　unique = sole/ distinct

　　warranted = authorized 授权的/justified

　　assume=take on 呈现/ suppose, posit 假设