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北京新航道教育文化发展有限责任公司
集团客服电话：400-097-9266
全部服务适用于18岁以上人群
京ICP备05069206号 京公网安备11010802021513 出版物经营许可证
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在Argument任务中，时间问题是一个非常频繁出现的logic flaw类型。那么，就“时间问题”如何展开分析呢？我们在本期做一个比较详细的解读。对于时间问题的解读，我们分成两讲，本期是第1/2讲。
当然，我们首先看到下面的这个Passage，并且找到出现“时间问题”的地方。
“Of the two leading real estate firms in our town — Adams Realty and Fitch Realty — Adams Realty is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty.” Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted. 首先，我们看看如何发现“时间问题”：当文本出现关于时间的描述（通常为简单的时间状语形式），我们就基本可以判定这里会出现“时间问题”。那么，就这个passage而言，ten years ago这里就是问题所在。 那么，我们用怎样的思路去讨论“时间问题”呢。通常说来，我们有2个思路： 1、不同时间点/段，可能有不同的情况； 2、某一个时间段内可能发生情况的改变（这两个思路可以二者选其一，不是必须兼顾）： 于是，我们先采用思路1分析一下这个passage里的“时间问题”的一个方面： It is questionable that the author automatically assumes all the factors that affect the selling of property during the past year was the same as these factors ten years ago. As a matter of fact, factors, such as the town’s real estate market—its demand and supply, the conditions of the home—its size, location, style may be vastly different at the two points of time, and thereby affect the time needed to sell a home. 然后，我们采用思路2分析一下此处“时间问题”的另一个方面： In addition to the factors named above, an agency’s skills to make a sale are another crucial factor that affects the time needed to sell a home, and the ability may vary or change during a span of time. The author, at this point, makes another questionable assumption that Fitch’s agents have not improved during the ten years or that Adam’s agents have not shown decreased ability. However, the fact may be contrary to this assumption. 看明白上面这两个思路之后，我们看下面这一篇passage： Fifteen years ago, Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their professors. Since that time, Omega professors have begun to assign higher grades in their classes, and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by 30 percent. Potential employers, looking at this dramatic rise in grades, believe that grades at Omega are inflated and do not accurately reflect student achievement; as a result, Omega graduates have not been as successful at getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha University. To enable its graduates to secure better jobs, Omega University should terminate student evaluation of professors. Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument. 是不是立刻发现了“时间问题”，出现在一开头的“fifteen years ago”这里。那么，我们是用上文讲到的思路1还是思路2 来分析比较合适呢？我的推荐是思路2，即“某一个时间段内可能发生情况的改变”。 我们以这个思路来分析这篇passage里的“时间问题”如下： Since it has been fifteen years since the university implemented the new procedure, there must have been multiple classes of students admitted. It is therefore likely that Omega University has been receiving students with better scholastic aptitude. However, the author omits to provide evidence to rule out this possibility, which could also account for the increased grades, and is unfavorable to the author’s reasoning. 这段分析的句就是在着重陈述“某一个时间段内可能发生情况的改变”。 最后，我们给大家留一个思考题： In a study of the reading habits of Waymarsh citizens conducted by the University of Waymarsh, most respondents said that they preferred literary classics as reading material. However, a second study conducted by the same researchers found that the type of book most frequently checked out of each of the public libraries in Waymarsh was the mystery novel. Therefore, it can be concluded that the respondents in the first study had misrepresented their reading habits. Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument. 明示大家：在这一篇passage中有“时间问题”，能否找出这个问题？如果分析这个问题，是用思路1还是思路2呢？我们下一讲来给出老师的参考答案。
