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看美剧学英文——生活大爆炸

2012-10-29 00:00     作者 :    

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  在这一期的《看美剧学英语》中,我们将带领大家来赏析big bang theory季第13集中的语言表达。该集一开始, 四位MIT的高材生正在家中讨论电影版的《星际迷航》(Star Trek, 美国的science-fiction drama,该剧的男猪脚Spock是Sheldon童鞋最粉的superhero). 这时,美眉邻居Penny因为本本不给力来找nerd们求救,于是有了下面的对话:

  -Penny:Hi. Can you help me? I was writing an e-mail and the "A" key got stuck. Now it's just going "Aaa..."

  -Leonard:What'd you spill on it?

  -Penny:Nothing… OK. Diet Coke… And yogurt… And a little nail polish.

  -Leonard:I'll take a look at it.

  Penny话中所提到的get stuck原本表示“卡住、困住”的意思。在这里,我们可以将“the A key got stuck”这句引申为电脑死机了。在英语中,同样意义的表达还有:

  1)My laptop is down.(我的本当机了。)

  2)The server crashed.(服务器瘫痪了。)

  3)The screen has frozen.(显示屏定格了。)

  4)The pirated copies of XP operating system always lead to the blue screen of death.(盗版的XP操作系统常常会导致蓝屏死机。)

  然而,面对Penny一脸的无辜,Leonard疑虑地问道:你把啥东东洒到本上啦? “spill表示“溢出、溅出”,与之相关的习语有:It is no use crying over split milk. 该句的直译为“不要为洒了的牛奶哭泣”,其实也就等于汉语中的“覆水难收”。类此的英文表达还有:1)The die is cast. 2)It is water under the bridge. 3)What is done cannot be undone.

  一看自己谎话被揭穿,Penny只好如实招出了实情:她将健怡可乐、酸奶和指甲油洒到了电脑上!就算本本歇菜,潘小花恐怕也只能说一句“just my luck!” (算我倒霉啦!)

  就在Leonard修电脑时,Howard得知MIT的年度物理杯(Physics Bowl)比赛正在招募团队,他呼吁其他三人组队参赛。但我们的谢耳朵却不乐意了:

  -Sheldon:Well, count me out.

  -Leonard:What? Why?

  -Sheldon:You want me to use my intelligence in a tawdry competition?

  Would you ask Picasso to play Pictionary?

  Would you ask Noah Webster to play Boggle?

  Would you ask Jacques Cousteau to play Go Fish?

  Sheldon这段台词引经据典,气势压人,翻译成中文是这样的——“你想让我把才智浪费在这种庸俗的比赛上吗?你会让毕加索去玩画图猜词游戏吗(Pictionary为混成词,即picture + dictionary, 类此构词的还有smog, motel, brunch等等)?你会让诺亚·韦伯斯特(美国词典编纂家,著有韦氏词典)玩填字游戏吗?你会让雅克·格斯特(法国海洋摄影师)玩"钓鱼"游戏吗?”显而易见,Sheldon在表达自己观点时没有开门见山,而是采用一组反问式排比,使得听者自己推出结论,那就是“我不参加因为不稀罕。”值得大家注意的是:在托福独立写作中就有这样类似的的开篇手法,即通过向读者连续发问,来激发阅读兴趣,明确作者立场。下面,我们来看一段范文,其主旨话题为:课本和经验哪一个是知识的更佳源泉。

  Would you want a surgeon to operate on you who has only learned about operations from the textbook? Would you want a dentist to drill your tooth who has had no clinical practice before? Or, would you want a mechanic to fix your car who has only studied manuals? The answer to these questions is obviously a resounding “No!” Knowledge gained from books must always be complemented by knowledge gained from valuable experience. Of the two sources of learning, the latter is certainly more important.(《新托福写作教材100-120分》,有改动)

  当考生在审视上述考题时,会先确立自己对话题的立场和理由,如:认为经验是知识更重要的来源和相关的几条理由。顺着这个思路,很多学生会在首段直接导入话题中的对立观点和自己的选择。这样的开头虽然切题,但语言上往往空洞无力,落入俗套。而上文的作者则是通过摆出对立观点的几个具体例子来反问读者:你敢找零经验的大夫、牙医和技工为你服务吗?读者在看到这一连串问号后,一定会主动去辨析是非曲直,然后不知不觉中就站到了作者的一边——经验比课本更重要。开头段若能如此另辟蹊径,则既可引人入胜又可充实内容。

  平时练笔时,大家要灵活地操练连续反问的写法,因为它不仅适用于上例那种打倒对方从而高举我方的套路,而且可以用于先列举支持我方的若干事例或细节,而后导入全文立场的写作思路。下面这篇围绕电脑的投资对校园教育是否重要而展开的范文就是采取了后种开头方式:

  Have you ever accessed the vast number of research articles in the database of your school? Have you ever checked your important emails via a computer in the dormitory? Have you ever watched entertainment shows online with a group of classmates? If you had never had such experiences, you would never know how computers are indispensable to a student’s campus life.(《新托福高分策略》,有改动)

  该文作者首先描绘了三个校园生活的细节来试问读者:你不觉得电脑在学术、社交、休闲方面对于大学生是不可或缺的吗?每一个问题都会读者头脑中的生活画面,使其不得不承认作者立场的合理性。而且,三个细节的分类也可和后文中的三个分论点相互关联,以达成文章主题的统一连贯。该首段的,作者又套用一个虚拟语气句,使得文章观点呼之欲出,自然到位。

  好了,让我们再回到剧中,看看聪明的Leonard是如何劝说Sheldon参加比赛。

  -Leonard:Sheldon, what, do I need to quote Spock's dying words to you?

  -Sheldon:No, don't.

  -Leonard:The need of the many…

  -Howard:Outweigh the need of the few

  -Sheldon:Damn it, I'll do it.

  Leonard果然是最了解谢耳朵的人,竟然搬出了星际迷航中Spock的遗言: The need of the many outweigh the need of the few。此句中的“outweigh”来自动词“weigh”,即“重达…”之意。加上out构成合成词后就表示“超过……的重量,比……重要”的含义。那么,Spock先生的话也就相当于我们中国人常说的“少数服从多数”了。面对偶像的至理名言,Sheldon也只能大呼中计(damn it,该死!),顺从众人之意啦。这里请大家注意:在托福写作当中如果需要表达“利大于弊”或“弊大于利”时,可以使用“outweigh”或是“outnumber(多过…..)”这两个词。OK,让我们以的一组例句结束今天的美剧学习吧!

  1)To sum up, the benefits of living off campus outweigh its problems.

  2)Though there have been some concerns about the negative effects of part-time jobs on study, I do believe the benefits they bring to teenagers outnumber the drawbacks.

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