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首页 > 英语专区 > 英语学习 > 甲级传染病霍乱再现武汉,外媒如何报道这一事件?

甲级传染病霍乱再现武汉,外媒如何报道这一事件?

2022-07-20 15:57     作者 :    

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  据武汉大学早前通报,7月9日21时30分,武汉市武昌区疾控通知武汉大学发现一名疑似霍乱感染病例。经核查,该病例为武汉大学研究生,住工学部八舍,有胃肠炎既往病史。7月9日晚起,武汉大学连夜对工学部八舍、该生所在实验室进行封控。

  据武汉大学官方微博12日深夜消息,12日21时30分,此前出现1例霍乱病例的武汉大学工学部8舍解除封控管理。

  据湖北省武汉市洪山区疾病预防控制中心通报,近期,按照省市卫生健康部门要求,洪山区全面开展夏季肠道传染病日常监测工作。7月13日,在白沙洲市场水产品中检出4份甲鱼样本霍乱弧菌阳性(O139群)。洪山区迅速启动应急响应,开展流调溯源、排查管控、环境采样、终末消杀等处置工作。

  目前,涉及店铺停业3天,相关产品已进行无害化处理,接触人员采样检测结果均为阴性。人员健康监测和场所检测均未发现异常,市场开展全面消杀,涉及外地的同批次产品已函告目的地追踪处置。本次检出的霍乱弧菌未引发人的感染。经省疾控中心实验室检测,与近日报告的武汉大学学生病例无关联。

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  科普

  霍乱是由霍乱弧菌引起的一种急性肠道感染病,可防可治。

  

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  霍乱是由O1群或O139群霍乱弧菌引起的急性肠道传染病,是我国法定的甲类传染病,也是《国境卫生检疫法》规定的检疫传染病之一。以腹泻、呕吐、排“米泔样便”为主要临床症状。发病高峰期为夏季,潜伏期一般为5天内,具有发病急、传播快、波及面广的特点。

  疾病最严重时,每小时失水量可高达1升,由于大量水分和电解质丧失而导致失水,代谢性酸中毒,低碱血症和低容量性休克及心率不齐和肾衰竭,如未经治疗处理,病人可在12~24小时内死亡,死亡率高达25%~60%,但若及时给病人补充液体及电解质,病死率可小于1%。

  霍乱主要是通过被污染的水和食物引发传播,其次苍蝇媒介和生活密切接触也可以导致传播。不会通过空气进行传播,也不能通过皮肤直接传播。预防霍乱的重中之重就是“把好一张口”,注意饮食安全,养成良好的个人卫生习惯。

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  媒体

  路透社7月15日报道了中国武汉检测出霍乱病毒一事。

  

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  BEIJING, July 15 (Reuters) - Detection in the Chinese city of Wuhan of a bacteria that caused cholera in a student and was separately found in samples from softshell turtles at a food market has struck a sensitive nerve with ordinary Chinese people, with some relating it to COVID-19.

  路透社北京7月15日电 在中国武汉市一食品市场的甲鱼样本中检验处霍乱弧菌阳性,该细菌导致一名学生感染霍乱。这一事件触动了大众的敏感神经,一些人将其与新冠病毒联系在了一起。

  detection [dɪˈtekʃn] n. 侦查;探测;发现;察觉

  separately [ˈseprətli] adv. 分别地;单独地

  struck → strike的过去分词和过去式;撞击;击打

  nerve [nɜː(r)v] n. 神经;勇气 v. 鼓足勇气;振作精神

  The food market where samples from softshell turtles tested positive of the pathogen capable of causing cholera has been disinfected, local authorities said late on Thursday.

  当地政府周四表示,甲鱼本检测出能够引起霍乱的病原体呈阳性,目前已对甲鱼样本所在的食品市场进行全面消杀。

  pathogen [ˈpæθədʒən] n. 病原体;病菌

  disinfect [ˌdɪsɪnˈfekt] v. 给……消毒;给……杀毒

  While no human cholera case was found among people who came in contact with the softshell turtles, the specific store selling them was ordered to shut down for three days.

  接触人员健康监测未发现异常,涉及店铺停业3天。

  order [ˈɔːdə(r)] v. 命令;要求

  shut down 停工;完全关闭;停下

  Authorities said that the vibrio cholerae O139 strain for the student's infection, announced on Monday, and the contaminated samples are unrelated.

  当局表示,经检测,该样本检测出的霍乱弧菌与周一报告的学生病例无关联。

  vibrio n. 弧菌;弧形菌属

  contaminate [kənˈtæmɪneɪt] v. 污染;弄脏

  Officials are also tracking unspecified products of the same batch as the softshell turtles that have been shipped elsewhere, said the disease control authority in Wuhan's Hongshan district.

  湖北省武汉市洪山区疾病预防控制中心表示,涉及外地的同批次产品已函告目的地追踪处置。

  Despite a lack of solid signs of a cholera outbreak, netizens worried about another disease outbreak still made this issue among the top trending topics on China's Twitter-like microblog Weibo on Friday, with 200 million reads.

  尽管缺乏霍乱爆发的确凿迹象,但担心再次爆发疫情的网友们周五仍将这一问题推上微博热搜榜,阅读量达2亿。

  The earliest COVID-19 infections in late 2019 were initially linked to a local market in Wuhan that also sold seafood and fish products. The origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 remains a mystery and a major source of tension between China and the United States.

  2019年末,中国出现的最早一例新冠病例与武汉当地一家海鲜市场有关。导致新冠疫情的SARS-CoV-2病毒的起源至今仍成谜,这也是中美关系紧张的主要原因。

  "Take the lesson of COVID, and hurry up in source tracing to secure evidence!!!" wrote a weibo user.

  “吸取疫情的教训,加快溯源保留证据。”一位微博用户写道。

  Reports of cholera, an acute watery diarrhoea disease potentially fatal if left without prompt treatment and usually linked to contaminated food or water, are rare in mainland of China, with five cases in 2021 and 11 in 2020 but no deaths.

  霍乱是一种急性水样腹泻病,如果不及时治疗可能致命,通常与受污染的食物或水有关,在中国大陆报告的病例很少,2021有5例,2020年有11例,但无死亡病例。

  acute [əˈkjuːt] adj. 急性的;严重的

  watery [ˈwɔːtəri] adj. 含水的;水分过多的

  diarrhoea [ˌdaɪəˈrɪə] n. [医]腹泻

  "The detection of Vibrio cholerae O139 ... does again remind us that wet markets, while culturally and economically important in Asia, have associated with them various public health risks," said Andrew Greenhill, a microbiology professor at Federation University Australia.

  澳大利亚联邦大学(Federation University Australia)微生物学教授安德鲁·格林希尔(Andrew Greenhill)表示:“O139霍乱弧菌的检测再次提醒我们,水产市场虽然在亚洲具有重要的文化和经济意义,但也与各种公共健康风险有关。”

  wet market 水产市场;湿货市场;鲜货市场

  At this point there is no major cause for concern while ongoing surveillance is important, Greenhill said, adding that O139 has been detected in various other countries and that large cholera outbreaks are unlikely in locations with safe drinking water and adequate sanitation.

  格林希尔说,目前没有重大问题,但持续监测很重要。他补充道,其他一些国家已检测到O139,在有安全饮用水和足够卫生设施的地方不太可能爆发大规模霍乱。

  surveillance [sɜː(r)ˈveɪləns] n. 监控;监视

  adequate [ˈædɪkwət] adj. 充分的;足够的;胜任的

  sanitation [ˌsænɪˈteɪʃn] n. 卫生设备和系统

  "In fact to detect the strain demonstrates that surveillance is being conducted, which can only be seen as a positive."

  “事实上,检测菌株表明正在进行监测,这只能被视为阳性。”

  Wuhan, with a population of more than 12 million, said on Monday the case of cholera in a local university student did not cause further infections.

  拥有1200多万人口的武汉周一表示,武大学生霍乱病例没有引起进一步感染。

  Wuhan is yet to disclose sources of the bacteria for the student and the samples, or details on source tracing progress.

  武汉方面尚未透露学生和样本的细菌来源,也未透露溯源细节。


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